A worked cooling tower control scheme: parameters, frequencies and action levels on one page
See a realistic evaporative cooling tower scheme of control: every parameter, target range, frequency and action level on one page to sense-check your own
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Cooling tower Legionella sampling: frequency, action levels and what to do at each result
What to do when a cooling tower Legionella count lands at each action level, how often to sample, and when a result means your system has lost control
WHO Water Safety in Buildings vs UK ACoP L8: how the two frameworks line up
WHO water safety plans and UK ACoP L8 both manage building water risk differently. See where they agree, where they diverge, and what a WSP adds to UK compliance.
ASHRAE Standard 188 and Guideline 12 explained for UK water safety teams
What ASHRAE Standard 188 and Guideline 12 require, in plain English, and how a UK site reconciles a US group water management programme with ACoP L8 duties.
The CDC Legionella water management toolkit: what it is and how it compares to UK practice
What the CDC water management toolkit actually contains, how its seven-element programme maps to UK HSG274 duties, and which tools you can safely borrow
ECDC, ELDSNet and travel-associated Legionnaires': how European surveillance fits with UK reporting
How ECDC's ELDSNet detects travel-associated Legionnaires' clusters across borders, and exactly what lands on a UK accommodation operator when a guest falls ill abroad.
ESGLI European technical guidelines vs UK HSG274: a reconciliation guide for multinational estates
Compare the ESGLI European technical guidelines with UK HSG274 and set one group Legionella standard that meets your strictest cross-border duty
Germany's TrinkwV and DVGW W551, France and the Netherlands: European Legionella regimes compared to the UK
How Germany's TrinkwV and DVGW W551, France's ECS rules and the Dutch priority-installation duties compare with the UK's risk-based Legionella regime
Sentinel Temperature Monitoring Round: A Field SOP for Operatives
A repeatable monthly method for taking hot and cold sentinel temperatures: which outlets, the one- and two-minute checks, probe technique and what to escalate
TMV In-Service Check and Annual Fail-Safe Test: Step-by-Step SOP
How to run a TMV in-service check and the annual cold-supply fail-safe test: the ordered steps, scald controls and records a competent service needs.
Cold-Water Storage Tank Clean and Disinfect: A Method Statement
A step-by-step clean-and-disinfect procedure for a cold-water storage tank: isolate, drain, scrub, chlorinate, neutralise, flush, and prove it fit before refill
Collecting a BS 7592 Legionella Water Sample at the Outlet: Field SOP
A field method for collecting a BS 7592 Legionella sample at the outlet: neutralised bottles, aseptic technique, labelling, temperature and chain of custody.
Showerhead and Flexible Hose Clean, Descale and Disinfect: SOP
How to strip, descale and disinfect a showerhead and hose to cut Legionella aerosol risk: the step order, soak guidance and when to replace a perished hose
Post-Disinfection Clearance Sampling: When and How to Confirm a System Is Safe
After a disinfection, a clearance sample is your proof the problem cleared. The waiting interval, the points to sample, and the criteria a result must meet.
Little-Used Outlet Flushing Round: An Operative's Field SOP
The step-by-step field method for the weekly flushing round: run each listed outlet for its set time, keep spray down, sign off and flag any problem you find.
Macrolides vs fluoroquinolones for Legionnaires' disease: how clinicians weigh the choice
Why beta-lactams fail Legionella, and how clinicians weigh macrolides against respiratory fluoroquinolones in Legionnaires' disease by severity and QT risk
Diagnosing Legionnaires' disease beyond the urinary antigen test
Why the urine antigen test alone misses cases, and what respiratory culture, PCR and paired serology each add to diagnosing Legionnaires' disease.
Recovery, long-term sequelae and return to work after Legionnaires' disease
Why recovery from Legionnaires' disease often runs into months of fatigue and breathlessness, and how occupational health can support a graded return to work
Legionnaires' disease in immunocompromised patients: atypical presentation and non-pneumophila species
Why Legionella hits transplant and biologic-treated patients harder, the non-pneumophila species the urine test misses, and what it means for water safety
From a positive test to the tap: how a clinical Legionnaires' case is linked to a water source
How a notified Legionnaires' case becomes an investigation of your building, why a respiratory culture not a urine test is what links a strain to your tap
When to suspect Legionnaires' disease: clinical clues in atypical pneumonia
The clinical clues, failure on beta-lactams, GI and neurological signs, hyponatraemia and the exposure history, that should prompt specific Legionella testing.
How UK Legionnaires' disease surveillance works: UKHSA, the four-nation picture and how a case becomes a statistic
Where UK Legionnaires' figures come from: clinical notification, lab confirmation, England and Wales data, and devolved surveillance routes.
ELDSNet explained: how European Legionnaires' surveillance and the travel cluster network operate
How ECDC's ELDSNet pools EU/EEA Legionnaires' reports and catches travel-linked hotel clusters that one country, or hotel, may miss.
How to read UK Legionnaires' disease figures without being misled
What 'confirmed' versus 'presumptive' means, why year-on-year swings can be testing artefacts, and the under-ascertainment caveat that makes the totals a floor.
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