Sporadic case, cluster or outbreak? How Legionnaires' disease is classified and why it matters
Sporadic case, cluster or outbreak, travel- or healthcare-associated: what each Legionnaires' label means and why even one case can trigger a search
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How Legionnaires' outbreaks are actually detected, and the lesson for every duty holder
Outbreaks are found by labs and public health weeks after exposure, not by building owners. Here is why you get no warning, and what to fix before a case lands.
BS 8580-2 explained: risk-assessing Pseudomonas and other waterborne pathogens
BS 8580-2:2022 is the companion to BS 8580-1 for risk-assessing Pseudomonas and other waterborne pathogens. What it covers, who needs it and how it differs.
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria in water systems: why Legionella controls are not enough
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria tolerate heat and chlorine, so the controls that beat Legionella do not reliably clear them. What NTM are and why they matter.
Temperature profiling your water system: going beyond sentinel checks
Sentinel checks watch two outlets; temperature profiling rolls through the rest. What profiling is, how to plan it and how often, so no branch is left unseen.
Designers, manufacturers and installers: legal duties for Legionella safety (HSWA section 6)
Section 6 of the Health and Safety at Work Act puts Legionella duties on those who design, make, supply and install water plant. What they owe, and what you can demand.
Metalworking fluids and machine coolant sumps: an overlooked Legionella risk
Water-mix metalworking fluids in machine sumps sit warm, recirculate and aerosolise: a Legionella risk many engineering workshops never assess. What to check.
Splash pads and interactive water features: managing Legionella and Pseudomonas risk
Splash pads and interactive fountains spray treated or recirculated water at children. The Legionella and Pseudomonas risks, and the controls operators must run.
Beyond Legionella: Pseudomonas hot-tub folliculitis and other spa-pool infections
Spa pools spread more than Legionella. Pseudomonas hot-tub folliculitis and other bather infections, how they differ, and the controls that address all of them.
Using a RACI matrix for water safety: mapping roles and accountability
A RACI matrix turns vague water-safety roles into clear accountability: who is responsible, accountable, consulted and informed for each task. How to build one.
Fish pedicures and waterborne infection risk: what spa and salon operators must assess
Garra rufa fish-pedicure spas reuse warm water around broken skin. The waterborne infection risks, what guidance expects, and what operators must assess.
Legionella law in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland: complete guide
A four-nation guide to UK Legionella law: what stays common, what changes in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, and what to record.
Scottish landlord Legionella risk assessments: Repairing Standard guide
Scottish private landlords must assess Legionella risk before first let and review within two years. What the Repairing Standard changes.
Scotland short-term let Legionella licensing: what hosts must evidence
Scottish short-term-let accommodation must meet Legionella risk standards. What hosts should keep in the licence file and changeover records.
Welsh landlord Legionella risk assessments: Rent Smart Wales guide
Rent Smart Wales says landlords and agents should complete a Legionella risk assessment for each property. What to record and review.
Legionella compliance in Northern Ireland: HSENI duties explained
Northern Ireland uses HSENI and its own legal wrapper, with GB ACoP L8 approved for use. What duty holders should assess and record.
Healthcare water safety guidance across the UK: HTM, SHTM and WHTM
Healthcare Legionella guidance differs by UK nation: NHS England HTM 04-01, NHS Scotland SHTM 04-01 and NHS Wales WHTM 04-01.
Private water supplies and Legionella: rules in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
Boreholes, wells and springs sit under different private-water regimes across the UK. How those rules interact with Legionella control.
Water fittings regulations, byelaws and Legionella across the UK
Water fittings law is not one UK document: England/Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland use different regimes that still affect Legionella risk.
Reporting Legionnaires' disease in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
Legionnaires' disease reporting is not one UK phone call. Compare UKHSA, Public Health Wales, Public Health Scotland, PHA NI and RIDDOR.
Care home Legionella evidence in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
What care homes should keep for Legionella inspection evidence across CQC, Care Inspectorate, CIW and RQIA, without treating CQC as UK-wide.
Legionella on ships, ferries and commercial vessels: MCA guidance for UK operators
How UK ship, ferry, fishing-vessel and commercial-yacht operators should map Legionella risk through MCA biological-agent, fresh-water and air-conditioning guidance.
Aqueous tunnel washers and spray pre-treatment plant: the Legionella risk HSE singled out
HSE singled out aqueous tunnel washers after a manufacturing outbreak. How to assess spray pre-treatment plant, tanks, aerosols and records.
Industrial effluent treatment plants, wet scrubbers and odour suppression: Legionella risks in environmental control plant
HSG274 Part 3 names industrial effluent treatment, wet scrubbers and odour suppression as other risk systems. How to assess and record them.
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